# Loops

## ForEach-Object Cmdlet

Foreach-Object is a cmdlet for processing data streams.

Foreach-Object is used for line-by-line processing of elements as they arrive in the input stream:

```powershell
ForEach-Object -InputObject (Get-Process) -Process { $_ }
```

```powershell
Get-Process | ForEach-Object { $_.Name }
Get-Process | % { $_.Name }                          # % is an alias for ForEach-Object
Get-Process | foreach { $_.Name }                    # alias for the foreach keyword
```

The `break` and `continue` operators do not work with ForEach-Object, as it is not a loop in the traditional sense, but rather an object processing pipeline.

## Foreach Loop

The Foreach loop is a loop for processing collections.

The `foreach` loop iterates over a collection:

```powershell
foreach ($item in $array) {
  # actions with $item
}
```

The `continue` operator skips the remaining part of the current iteration and moves to the next one.

The `break` operator completely terminates the loop.

To exit nested loops, you can use a label:

```powershell
:outer foreach ($i in $array1) {
  foreach ($j in $array2) {
    if (<condition>) { break outer }
  }
}
```

## ForEach Method

The ForEach() method in PowerShell is a method for collections (such as arrays, lists) that allows you to execute a specified script or action for each element of the collection. It is called on the collection object, takes a script block, and applies it sequentially to all elements, passing the current element to a special variable $PSItem (similar to $\_ in pipelines).

```powershell
$collection.ForEach({ 
    # Here $PSItem is the current element of the collection
    Write-Output $PSItem 
})
```

This method is convenient when you need to perform an action for collection elements without using a foreach loop or the ForEach-Object cmdlet.

## For Loop

The For loop is a classic iterative loop.

The syntax is similar to C-like languages:

```powershell
for (initialization; condition; action) {
  # loop body
}
```

Example:

```powershell
for ($i = 1; $i -le 10; $i++) {
  Write-Host $i
}
```

The `continue` operator skips the remaining part of the current iteration and moves to the next one.

The `break` operator completely terminates the loop.

## While and Do-While Loops

The While loop is a precondition loop. While first checks the condition, then executes the body:

```powershell
while ($a -le 10) {
  $a++
}
```

The Do-While loop is a postcondition loop. Do-While first executes the body, then checks the condition:

```powershell
do {
  $i++
} while ($i -le 10)
```

Execution repeats as long as the condition is true.

The `continue` operator skips the remaining part of the current iteration and moves to the next one.

The `break` operator completely terminates the loop.

## Do-Until Loop

The Do-Until loop executes the body and then checks the condition for **false**:

```powershell
do {
  $i++
} until ($i -le 10)
```

It repeats the body while the condition **is NOT met**.

The `continue` operator skips the remaining part of the current iteration and moves to the next one.

The `break` operator completely terminates the loop.

## Working with Loops

You can find examples of usage at the link:

{% embed url="<https://fixmypc.ru/post/kak-rabotat-s-tsiklami-v-powershell-foreach-object-i-while-na-primerakh/>" %}


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